GreenlyMadrid: frost dates
Spain
| Last spring frost | around 22 March |
|---|---|
| First autumn frost | around 27 November |
| Frost-free days | 250 days |
Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.
When to sow and plant
| Crop | Sow for seedlings | Plant out in a greenhouse | Open ground |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bell Pepper | 8 February | 23 April | 14 May |
| Chili Pepper | 21 February | 6 May | 27 May |
| Corn | — | 8 March | sow 29 March |
| Cucumber | 12 March | 23 April | 14 May |
| Eggplant | 12 February | 23 April | 14 May |
| Green Beans | 30 January | 8 March | 29 March |
| Melon | 2 March | 23 April | 14 May |
| Peas | — | 8 February | sow 1 March |
| Physalis | 19 February | 5 April | 26 April |
| Pumpkin | 27 February | 5 April | 26 April |
| Sweet Corn | — | 8 March | sow 29 March |
| Tomato | 7 February | 5 April | 26 April |
| Watermelon | 22 March | 23 April | 14 May |
| Zucchini | 4 March | 5 April | 26 April |
Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day.
Planted in autumn
| Crop | Plant around |
|---|---|
| Crocus | 28 October |
| Daffodil | 28 October |
| Garlic | 28 October |
| Hyacinth | 28 October |
| Lily | 28 October |
| Tulip | 28 October |
A month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter.